Each of the 20 amino acids has a specific tRNA that binds with it and transfers it to the growing polypeptide chain.tRNAs are an essential component of translation, where their main function is the transfer of amino acids during protein synthesis.tRNA is the smallest of the 3 types of RNA having about 75-95 nucleotides.The corresponding ribonucleotides are adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP), guanosine 5’-triphosphate (GTP), cytidine 5’-triphosphate (CTP) and uridine 5’-triphosphate (UTP). The corresponding ribonucleosides are adenosine, guanosine, cytidine and uridine.The sugar in RNA is ribose rather than deoxyribose as in DNA.However, like thymine, uracil can form base pairs with adenine. Thus thymine in DNA is replaced by uracil in RNA, a different pyrimidine. The bases in RNA are adenine (abbreviated A), guanine (G), uracil (U) andcytosine (C).Thus, the difference in the structure of RNA from that of DNA include: The nitrogenous bases that compose the ribonucleotides include adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine.The ribonucleotides are linked together by 3′ –> 5′ phosphodiester bonds.The strand has a 5′end (with a phosphate group) and a 3′end (with a hydroxyl group).Like DNA, RNA is a long polymer consisting of nucleotides.
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